The working principle of drilling tools mainly includes the following aspects:
The working principle of drilling machine: The drilling machine drills holes on the ground through the drill bit. The drill bit rotates continuously to drill holes, and a single motor is used to power the drill bit. The drill bit withdrawal mechanism is realized by the reverse rotation of a single motor.
The working principle of screw drilling tools: The screw drilling tools form high-pressure chambers and low-pressure chambers through the high-pressure drilling fluid flowing into the spiral channel between the stator and the rotor. The rotor is displaced under the action of the pressure difference, generating an eccentric torque, driving the rotor to rotate and work. The drilling fluid continues to go down, and new high-pressure and low-pressure chambers are constantly formed, forcing the rotor to rotate, thereby converting the pressure energy of the liquid into mechanical energy.
The working principle of positive and reverse circulation drilling rigs: The positive and reverse circulation drilling rigs work in two ways: positive circulation and reverse circulation. The positive circulation is to transport the mud to the bottom of the borehole through the drill pipe and then return to the ground through the borehole; the reverse circulation is to suck the mud at the bottom of the borehole out of the ground through air or mud. Positive and reverse circulation drilling rigs can choose different circulation modes according to needs to improve drilling efficiency and effect.
Working principle of hydraulic system: The hydraulic system converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy by driving the hydraulic pump through an electric motor or a diesel engine. High-pressure oil is transported to each hydraulic component through the oil pipe to drive the linear and rotary motion of the drill pipe. The hydraulic system also realizes direction control, pressure control and flow control through control components such as reversing valves, overflow valves and throttle valves to ensure the smooth progress of drilling operations.
